Kidney stones are hard deposits that form in the kidneys when minerals and salts in urine crystallize and stick together. They vary in size and can cause severe pain as they move through the urinary tract. Symptoms include sharp back or abdominal pain, blood in urine, and difficulty urinating.
1.Osteoarthritis is a prevalent joint condition due to cartilage breakdown between bones. 2. It leads to pain, swelling, and stiffness in the joints, worsening gradually. 3. Commonly impacts knees, hips, and hands. 4. Primarily linked to aging, injury, or repetitive joint stress. 5. Requires management to alleviate symptoms and improve joint function.
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that inflames and causes pain in joints. The immune system attacks healthy joint tissues, resulting in swelling, stiffness, and deformity. It affects multiple joints symmetrically throughout the body. Symptoms include fatigue and potential organ involvement. Treatment focuses on symptom relief and preventing joint deterioration.
Ankylosing spondylitis is arthritis inflaming the spine and joints. It causes stiffness and pain, notably in the lower back and hips. Over time, vertebrae may fuse, limiting mobility. Ankylosing spondylitis can affect eyes and heart besides joints. Treatment aims to manage symptoms and maintain flexibility.
ntense pain in the back, side, lower abdomen, or groin area, often described as stabbing or throbbing.
Hematuria, or blood in the urine, may occur, giving urine a pink, red, or brown color.
Nausea, vomiting, and sometimes diarrhea can accompany kidney stone pain.
Increased frequency of urination or urgency to urinate, sometimes with only small amounts of urine passed
Insufficient fluid intake can lead to concentrated urine, increasing the risk of stone formation.
Consuming foods high in oxalates, calcium, or purines, as well as excessive salt or protein, can contribute to stone formation.
Certain medical conditions like urinary tract infections, hyperparathyroidism, and cystic kidney diseases increase the risk of kidney stones
Genetic factors can predispose individuals to kidney stone formation, especially if there is a family history of kidney stones.